Talking is mental walking

Charlie Chaplin pelkäsi koko elämänsä koska kukaan ei viitsinyt ymmärtää, oli helpompaa nauraa. Kyse on vakavasta asiasta, missä tekniikka pakottaa kulttuurit nöyrtymään johonkin joka ei ole ihmisyydelle milloinkaan oikein. Zizek on minusta ottanut mallia? Ehkä hänet on ns. luotu? Ehkä ei ollut Zizekiä ennenkuin minä aloitin? Kuten Naomi Kleinkin - ovat piilaakson tuotteita koska me tuotamme ja he rahastavat? * aito ei kopioi ketään *

Sunday, July 27, 2008

Indigolapset

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posted by Homo Garrulus @ 9:49 PM 

4 Comments:

Blogger Homo Garrulus said...

Tunnistavat toisensa ja ovat muiden riesa, jopa vainottuja.

11:04 PM  
Blogger Homo Garrulus said...

MARIO'S WORDS

On Free Speech: To me, freedom of speech is something that represents the very dignity of what a human being is…That’s what marks us off from the stones and the stars. You can speak freely. It is really the thing that marks us as just below the angels. (1994)

On Freedom and Resistance: There comes a time when the operation of the machine becomes so odious, makes you so sick at heart, that you can’t take part, you can’t even passively take part; and you’ve got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels, upon all the apparatus, and you’ve got to make it stop, And you’ve got to indicate to the people who run it, the people who own it, that unless you’re free the machine will be prevented from working at all. (1964)

On the Struggle for Justice: …we have to be prepared on the basis of our moral insight to struggle even if we do not know that we are going to win. [It’s a weakness] to underestimate the importance of spiritual values. By spiritual values, I mean we as a community can feel something deeper than we are: not that we as a community feel God is on our side but…some sense of looking down into the heart of things and being able to perceive which way is just, which way is not just. And that’s what we have to convey to people. Not everyone for himself, but all of us for the community. (1994)

On Strength through Unity: The civil rights movement just burst on the United States right on the tube [TV]. We saw images of young people being attacked by dogs, by powerful water-cannons. And they faced their fears, they overcame their fear by holding one another. That was a lesson that what we need, the strength that we need, we can find in one another. It was, of course, an image of great courage, and I have not had to face the kinds of things that those people had to face. But if they were willing to face that, then I felt by that very thing both shamed and inspired to do what I could do. And to take the lesson of holding one another as a way it could be done. (1995)ping.gif

About the Mario Savio Memorial Lectures
ks. wiki

7:04 AM  
Blogger Homo Garrulus said...

Namnskolan:
Namnskolan
Från Wikipedia
Hoppa till: navigering, sök

Namnskolan eller sofisterna, dialektikerna, logikerna (名家 , pinyin: mingjia), är namnet på en av de så kallade hundra skolorna som under senare delen av Zhoudynastin/De krigande staterna tävlade om de kinesiska furstarnas gunst. Skolan fokuserade på den logiska delen av Moism, en skola grundad av Mozi. Den mest kända företrädaren är Gongsun Long.

11:02 AM  
Blogger Homo Garrulus said...

Mohism
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Mohism or Moism (Chinese: 墨家; pinyin: Mòjiā; literally "School of Mo") was a Chinese philosophy developed by the followers of Mozi (also referred to as Mo Di; 470–c.391 BC). It evolved at about the same time as Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism and was one of the four main philosophic schools during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (from 770 to 221 BC). During that time, Mohism was seen as a major rival to Confucianism. The Qin dynasty which united China in 221 BC, adopted Legalism as the official government philosophy, and suppressed all other philosophic schools. In the modern era, Mohism has all but disappeared as a school of philosophy, although some Asian secret societies consider themselves to be the modern followers of Mohist thought.[citation needed]
This article contains Chinese text.
Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Important beliefs
o 1.1 Morality
o 1.2 Impartiality
o 1.3 Society
o 1.4 Politics
o 1.5 Supernatural forces
o 1.6 Epistemology
* 2 The Logicians
* 3 Mathematics
* 4 Further reading
* 5 Notes
* 6 References
* 7 See also
* 8 External links

[edit] Important beliefs

Mohism rested on the concept of "impartial care" or "universal love" (Chinese: 兼愛; pinyin: Jian Ai; literally "inclusive love"). Mozi believed that "everyone is equal before heaven", and that people should seek to imitate heaven by engaging in the practice of impartial and collective love. His epistemology can be regarded as a form of empiricism; he believed that our cognition ought to be based on our perceptions – our sensory experiences, such as sight and hearing – instead of imagination or internal logic, elements founded on our capacity for abstraction. Mozi's philosophy was described in the book Mozi, compiled by his students from his lecture notes.

[edit] Morality

Mozi is best known for his insistence that all people are equally deserving of receiving material benefit and being protected from physical harm. In Mohism, morality is defined not by tradition, but rather by a constant moral guide that parallels utilitarianism. Tradition is inconsistent, and human beings need an extra-traditional guide to identify which traditions are acceptable. The moral guide must then promote and encourage social behaviors that maximize general utility.

[edit] Impartiality

Mohism promotes a philosophy of impartial care - equal care for all individuals.[1] This impartial care is what makes man good according to him. This advocacy of impartiality was a target of attack by other schools, most notably the Confucians who believed that while love should be unconditional it should not be indiscriminate. For example, children should hold a greater love for their parents than for random strangers.

[edit] Society

Mozi posited that the existence of society as an organized organism reduces the wastes and inefficiencies found in the natural state. Conflicts are born from the absence of moral uniformity found in man in his natural state, i.e. the absence of the definition of what is right (是 shì) and what is wrong (非 fēi). We must therefore choose leaders who will surround themselves with righteous followers, who will then create the hierarchy that harmonizes Shi/Fei. In that sense, the government becomes an authoritative and automated tool. Mohism is opposed to any form of aggression, especially war between states. It is, however, permissible for a state to use force in legitimate defense. Mohist ideology has inspired some modern pacifists.

[edit] Politics

In addition to creating a school of philosophy, the Mohists formed a highly structured political organization that tried to realize the ideas they preached. This political structure consisted of a network of local units in all the major kingdoms of China at the time, made up of elements from both the scholarly and working classes. Each unit was led by a juzi (literally, "chisel"—an image from craft making). Within the unit, a frugal and ascetic lifestyle was enforced. Each juzi would appoint his own successor. However, there was no central authority beyond the writings of Mozi. Mohists developed the sciences of fortification and statecraft, and wrote treatises on government, ranging in topic from efficient agricultural production to the laws of inheritance. They were often hired by the many warring kingdoms as advisors to the state. In this way they were similar to the other wandering philosophers and knights-errants of the period. They were distinguished from others, however, in that they hired out their services not only for gain, but also in order to realize their own ethical ideals.

[edit] Supernatural forces

Mohists believed in the heavens as a divine force (Tian), which knew the immoral acts of man and punished them, encouraging moral righteousness. Their belief in spirits was at best vague, but they were wary of some of the more atheistic thinkers of the time, such as Han Fei. They polemicized against elaborate funeral ceremonies and other wasteful rituals, and called for austerity in life and in governance. Mohists also saw music and dance as forms of extravagance, which wasted resources that could be used to feed, house and protect the people.

[edit] Epistemology

According to Mozi, three criteria ("San Biao") should be used when assessing the correctness of views. These were:[1]

1. Assessing them basing on history
2. Assessing them basing on the experiences of common, average people
3. Assessing their usefulness by applying them in law or politics [1]

[edit] The Logicians

One of the schools of Mohism that has received some attention is the Logicians school, which was interested in resolving logical puzzles. The main philosopher of this school was a late Mohist, Gongsun Long. Not much survives from the writings of this school, since problems of logic were deemed trivial by most subsequent Chinese philosophers. Historians such as Joseph Needham have seen this group as developing a precursor philosophy of science that was never fully developed, but others believe that recognizing the Logicians as proto-scientists reveals too much of a modern bias.

[edit] Mathematics

The Mohist canon of the Mo Jing described various aspects of many fields associated with physical science, and provided a small wealth of information on mathematics as well. It provided an 'atomic' definition of the geometric point, stating that a line is separated into parts, and the part which has no remaining parts (i.e. cannot be divided into smaller parts) and thus forms the extreme end of a line is a point.[2] Much like Euclid's first and third definitions and Plato's 'beginning of a line', the Mo Jing stated that "a point may stand at the end (of a line) or at its beginning like a head-presentation in childbirth. (As to its invisibility) there is nothing similar to it."[3] Similar to the atomists of Democritus, the Mo Jing stated that a point is the smallest unit, and cannot be cut in half, since 'nothing' cannot be halved.[3] It stated that two lines of equal length will always finish at the same place,[3] while providing definitions for the comparison of lengths and for parallels,[4] along with principles of space and bounded space.[5] It also described the fact that planes without the quality of thickness cannot be piled up since they cannot mutually touch.[6] The book provided definitions for circumference, diameter, and radius, along with the definition of volume.[7]

[edit] Further reading

* Graham, A.C., Disputers of the TAO: Philosophical Argument in Ancient China (Open Court 1993). ISBN 0-8126-9087-7

[edit] Notes

1. ^ a b c One hundred Philosophers. A guide to the world's greatest thinkers Peter J. King, Polish edition: Elipsa 2006
2. ^ Needham, Volume 3, 91.
3. ^ a b c Needham, Volume 3, 92.
4. ^ Needham, Volume 3, 92-93.
5. ^ Needham, Volume 3, 93.
6. ^ Needham, Volume 3, 93-94.
7. ^ Needham, Volume 3, 94.

[edit] References

* Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 3, Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth. Taipei: Caves Books Ltd.
* Ivanhoe, Philip J., and Brian W. Van Norden, Eds. Readings in Classical Chinese Philosophy. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2001.

[edit] See also

* A Battle of Wits, a historical film themed around Mohism
* Agape
* Ascetism
* Logic
* Logic in China

[edit] External links

* Mohism, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry
* Mohist Canons, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry
* The Ethical and Political Works of Motse (Mozi)
* Full text of the Mozi
* Explication on the Mozi

11:04 AM  

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